@Green July/August 2020 | Page 24

24 CLIMATE CHANGE @green | July-August, 2020 What is climate change, and what can we do to stop it? There will be heightened demand for sustainable, responsible and impactful investing over the coming years History has shown us that human impact on the environment is not something to be denied. We have seen environment degradation and records of flora and fauna extinction as proof. We are all living in one small village, EartH. The pandemic clearly showed any detrimental impact in any part will impact others too — the same with our climate. It is not concerned about whether pollution originated in Bario, Budapest or Beijing. As long as there is emission, they will impact global wellbeing. The Covid-19 pandemic is probably another sign for us all to take heed of our impact on the environment. As if to show what can be done, closure of factories and fewer cars on the road during the Covid-19 outbreak caused a significant drop in smog levels and air pollution in most cities and pictures of clear, clean rivers went viral through social media. Air pollution includes greenhouse gases Greenhouse gases are a group of compounds that can trap heat in the atmosphere. The primary greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and fluorinated gases. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is by far the most common Greenhouse Gas, and as a result, it is common to measure the other GHGs to CO2. It is measured as CO2e (the “e” stands for equivalent), and the typical unit is tonne CO2e. The ability of these gases to trap heat is what causes the greenhouse effect. So the more greenhouse gases you have in the atmosphere, the more heat is trapped. This process is very similar to the way a greenhouse works and that is the reason gases that can produce this effect are collectively known as greenhouse gases. The increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere enhances the greenhouse effect, which creates global warming and consequently, climate change. According to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), “climate change” is “a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable periods”. In layman’s terms, climate change is the scientific consensus that our average surface temperatures are increasing year-on-year and have been since the onset of the Industrial Revolution. This change in average temperature is generally agreed to be the driver for an increase in extreme weather events, Sg Kuyoh is in Federal Territory: The dirty river water on March 14, 2019 while the other one was taken on May 21, 2020. — BPS, JPSKL SMART FOOTPRINT By Mohd Iskandar Majidi Mohammad Iskandar Majidi started his career insustainability sector in 1998. Since then he has acquired vast experience in energy management, renewable energy and carbon management. He has collaborated with various international consulting firms working for various international donor agencies such as Danish’s DANCED & DANIDA, UNDP and UNIDO on EE, RE and carbon reduction activities. He graduated in Bachelor of Engineering (Marine) from Newcastle University, UK. He is a Registered Electrical Energy Manager with Energy Commission (PTE-0086-2010), a certified trainer with HRDF (Certificate No. TTT/7090), a UNIDO certified Energy Management Expert, a Certified M&V Professional, a Certified Thermal & Solar Thermal expert and a Certified Energy Auditor by the Association of Energy Engineers, USA. He is an elected committee member of the Malaysia Association of Energy Service Companies (MAESCO) in charge of Training Portfolio. rising sea levels, acidification of oceans, accelerated loss of flora and fauna, drought, famine etc. Humans are causing climate change by burning fossil fuels, intensive livestock farming, industrial processes, sending waste to landfill and deforestation. These activities result in more Greenhouse Gases entering our atmosphere, where they absorb solar radiation resulting in global warming. We can do something about climate change by accepting responsibility for the Greenhouse Gases we created. We must track our carbon emissions, often referred to as carbon footprint and identify ways to reduce them. This is called carbon management. Every activity we do, such as every drop of fuel or kWh electricity we use, every gram of food we consume or waste, has carbon emission related to them. Energy use is one of the largest sources of carbon emission in any organisation. As an example, 1kWh of electricity consumed in Peninsula Malaysia will result in 0.585kgCO2e of discharge (based on 2017 electricity generation mix). To reduce our impact on the environment, we have to reduce the impact of our activities on the environment. This can be achieved by being more efficient in our consumption or identifying a cleaner way of doing our business. Walk, cycle or use public transport rather than taking the car, use cleaner fuel (natural gas instead of diesel or coal) or use renewable energy instead of fossil. For the commercial and industrial sector, to be efficient in energy consumption is one of the surest ways to reduce carbon emission. Realising the impact of carbon emission and their commitment to the international agreement such as Kyoto Protocol, governments around the world are under pressure to reduce CO2 emissions. Because of their commitment to reducing emission, governments in Europe are engaging large companies or carbon emitters to report on their carbon footprint and their carbon management plan. As more emphasis is placed on the environment, social and governance (ESG) of doing business more companies are voluntarily reporting on their carbon emission to engage with their customers and show their commitment to doing business responsibly. The requirement to track CO2e emissions is here to stay. Malaysian companies should start engaging with their employees and stakeholders to have a grip on their carbon footprint before their supply chain, and their investors start requesting information on their CO2e emissions. The coronavirus pandemic and its economic fallout are not expected to dampen any requirement for sustainable reporting but anticipated to heighten the demand for sustainable, responsible and impactful investing over the coming years. — @green