@Green July/August 2020 | Page 29

July-August, 2020 | @green Industry Talk 29 Multiplicator E.g for new plants Banks, Insurance , Companies Benchmarking Demo projects Comparison of Energy Indicators Competitors Best Practice Information on technologies & new/EE technologies Suppliers The Company Outsourcing Utilities Financing, DSM, Contracting Energy Audits, M & T, Energy Management ESCOs, Consultants Low rates, few takers The LSS programme was more successful; many developers applied for 1MWac to 50MWac sites Environmental Schemes, Kyoto Protocol Customers Authorities Industrial Associations Training Taxes, directives, laws , regulations, standards Mandatory Schemes Voluntary Agreements Figure 2: Instruments for Energy Efficiency And Their Channels Table 1: Critical success factors for industrial management Money related factors Profitability Productivity Stock market reaction Cost-effectiveness, etc. Customer-focused factors Customer loyalty Image (incl. environment), etc. 425 kW FiT Installation in Shah Alam done by Ditrolic Solar. Factors affecting the core business Product innovation and quality Procurement Process reliability Outsourcing, etc. Table 2: Mandatory/Legal Standards/labels Groups of capable tools/instruments Directives, regulations Taxes, etc. Voluntary Long term agreements Environmental schemes (ISO 14000) Benchmarking (also awareness), etc. Tools to identify, monitor, evaluate M&T Energy management Energy audits, etc. Management-related factors Risk/quality management Human resources (health, security) Policy and strategy Information/Data management, etc. awareness oriented Targeted information, networking Education and Training Conferences, workshops, campaigns, etc. Service-oriented Third-Party Financing/ contracting Outsourcing Demand-side management, etc. Others Co-operative procurement Tools to improve working conditions, etc. agement. What are the critical success factors (CSF) to satisfy the crucial needs of the administration? Quite some of this csF are relevant within the interaction between the company and its stakeholders (see Figure 1), and practical tools have to touch at least one or more of these issues. Tools/Instruments Using our knowledge about how to address the industry’s CSF and how to attract their attention, we can try to identify useful tools and instruments to increase industrial energy efficiency. Preferably these tools or instruments should act via the company’s networks, trying to integrate energy efficiency in their existing day-to-day business relations. In Figure 2, such tools/ instruments are indicated, also showing which channels might be used to reach the target group. In Table 2, these tools/instruments are grouped according to their main features. — @green power POINT By Dato Ir Dr Ali Askar Sher Mohamad SolAR PV technology was introduced in the country in 2006 using Suria 1000, through Malaysia Building Integrated Photovoltaic (MBIPV), which in turn used Global Environment Facility (GEF) via United Nations Development Fund (UNDP). Although the plan was to introduce 1000kW only, the final target exceeded 2000kW. Most of these houses and commercial institutions later opted for Feed-in Tariff (FiT). FiT was introduced in December 2011 with a number of technologies including solar PV, biomass, biogas and small hydro. Unfortunately, the entire FiT was skewered towards solar PV with extremely high rates and few takers for the other technologies which had rather low rates. SEDA quickly brought the rates down, with an annual reduction of 20 per cent for new FiTs. The FiT programme for commercial installations was discontinued in 2016, and for residential premises in 2017. SEDA proposed to the minister in 2015 to launch two new programmes -- Net Energy Metering (NEM) and Large Scale Solar (LSS). Both programmes were launched in 2016. The NEM was not very effective at first because the units sold to the grid were counted at displaced cost which was extremely low. However, in January 2019, the units sold to the grid were counted as one-to-one, i.e. whatever exported to the grid will be minused off as units imported by the utility. This has resulted in many new installations. One of the major hurdles for installation of NEM are the problems created by the utility including high fault current, requirements for SCADA, as well as the issues surrounding bidirectional meter. Even for self-consumption, the utility is insisting on SCADA, although SESB and other utilities do not bother. The LSS programme was more success- ful; many developers applied for 1MWac to 50MWac sites. However, not all were able to successfully carry out the project. Many ran into problems including land issues, as well as finance. The last round for LSS3 saw the prices coming down to about 17.77 sen/kWh to 23 sen/kWh from the initial 40 sen/kWh for the first round. For LSS4, we expect the prices to stabilise at about 20 sen/kWh or slightly more. LSS does not have too many issues with the utility since we’re dealing with Grid Division for plants with capacity of 30MWac or more. For plants between 10MWac to 29MWac, TNB Distribution has a list of requirements that they need. It’s important that the utility decides what the requirements are and be transparent about it. No additional features to be added later. — @green Dato’ Ir. Dr. Ali Askar Sher Mohamad graduated with a BSc (Electrical Engineering) from Purdue University, West Lafayette, and a Masters in Power Engineering from UNSW, Sydney. He completed his PhD at UNITEN on the technical impact of connecting large scale solar PV plants to the utility network. He has served the Malaysian power utility TNB in various engineering and management positions. He taught at UNITEN from 2009 to 2011, teaching renewable energy and power systems subjects,while acting as a consultant to carry out Grid connection and Feasibility Studies for various renewable energy plants. During this time, he was also appointed as the Technical Advisor to the Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water on RE grid connection issues and related legislation. LSS1 Project by UiTM Solar Power 50.