@Green July/August 2020 | Page 39

July-august, 2020 | @Forest Environment p07 Why Malaysian palm oil is sustainable By Camilia Rezali He believes by combining these two SureSawit™ technologies, MPOB can promote more clones and increase the yield. “One of the very commonly-used technologies developed by MPOB is the motorised cutter called Cantas,” he added. This helps increase the harvesting productivity while at the same time reduce some of the burden of the harverter which could eventually reduce the number of labor in plantation. For record, SureSawit™ SHELL Test was the first hightechnology DNA-based technology commercially available genotyping test for the oil palm industry. Parveez said it was a technology by MPOB and has been licensed to Orion Biosains Sdn Bhd for commercialisation. The test allowed oil palm seed producers and growers to precisely determine the tenera, dura and pisifera fruit form on seedling, nursery palm or field planted palm. As stated by Parveez: “Still 70 per cent of our technologies are available to big players and small SMEs.” Although there are a lot of technologies, Parveez believes a lot more can be improved. — @Forest cities should be enhanced and continued to get back on track once the domestic economy is restored during post- Covid-19 to reduce the impact of “unseen” damage to our Mother Earth. But how can this be achieved? A practical policy framework to mitigate emissions growth is essential to tackle the long-term threats posed by climate change. It should include the significant current and future emitters in the world to be effective, and it must limit global emissions to a level compatible with climate stabilisation. Next, there should be descriptions for emission growth drivers and associated emission trajectories. Technical options should be identified for the emission reduction growth. And, there should be research on the possibilities for identifying economic and emissions impacts. This is why the Climate Analytics report suggested global economy-energy-environment models to evaluate policy mechanisms to promote improvements in economic systems. And also to enable specific industries to adopt lowemission resources and activities, including to reduce the financial costs of decarbonisation policy. A combination of modelling approaches is also useful for investigating different facets of decarbonisation potentials and costs and identifying appropriate policies for reducing emissions. For Malaysia, the 2020 goal for Malaysia is up to a 40 per cent C02eq per unit of GDP from 2005 levels. If we look at the scenario of business as a usual emissions growth path to 2020, the target does not imply a substantial reduction in emissions. Hence, there should be an immediate call for effective emission reduction strategies and mitigation policies in our country as well as in other countries. — @Forest Farhan Kamarulzaman is a Research Assistant at EMIR Research; an independent think tank focused on strategic policy recommendations based on rigorous research.. The vegetABLe oil derived from a reddish pulp of the oil palm fruits known as palm oil has become a miracle ingredient for anything from margarine, detergent, ice cream, chocolate, soap, shampoo, lipstickand even biodiesel. According to Statista, the consumption of palm oil globally was at its peak from 2013 to 2019 as compared to other vegetable oils. Apart from its widespread use, palm oil was the most productive vegetable oilto grow as it takes less land to produce. There are attempts by various quarters to smear palm oil by alleging it had adverse effects on the environment such as deforestation, loss of natural habitats and threatening endangered species, the palm oil industry had maintained a high level of sustainability. The Malaysian palm oil industry is highly-regulated with more than 15 laws and regulations. The Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC) CEO Datuk Dr Kalyana Sundram is a strong advocate of sustainability and has been addressing issues like deforestation and the alleged plight of the Orangutan. Malaysia has also been pushing for greater recognition of the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) Certification Scheme to the world. The MSPO is the national scheme for oil palm plantations, independent and organised smallholdings and palm oil processing facilities to be certified against the standard. The process sets the standards for responsible management of palm oil plantations, smallholdings and palm oil processing facilities. The certification process is run by an accredited third-party certification body to assess and verify that the oil palm management complies with the standards’ requirements as prescribed in the MSPO standards. Other palm oil certification standards in the world include the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO). Malaysia has been taking steps towards zero deforestation. “We are trying to work on a cap of 6.5 million hectares of land devoted to oil palm cultivation,” said Kalyana. The cap placed on Malaysia's palm oil plantations areas at about 6.5 million hectares by 2023 was proposed by then Malaysia’s Primary Industries Minister, Teresa Kok in March last year. It dispelled negative perception spread by certain quarters in the European Union (EU) that the oil palm industry was continuously expanding and contributing to deforestation. Sundram said: “We have nearly six million hectares. Another half a million will come from the utilisation of land in Sarawak, particularly native customary land.” He also assured that the cap on the expansion of oil palm plantations in Malaysia would not lead to any supply constraints in the future. Malaysian palm oil industry was targetting increased yield/hectare and as such annual production of 35 million tonnes of palm oil Datuk Dr Kalyana Sundram from the current 20 million tonnes. Sundram believed better utilisation of land to obtain a higher yield would be the driver for the palm oil industry in future. Besides that, Sundram said the palm oil industry now has better planting materials – the next generation of planting material that promises six to eight MT oil yield compared to the current return of about 4 MT. Expanding the yield of palm oil may require some time as “progressive improvement in yield is not going to happen overnight”. The progress is subject to an active replanting schedule. “If we go on rotation on an active replanting schedule, we could focus on about four per cent of the total land area to be replanted annually.” Although the production and distribution of Malaysian palm oil were slowing down in the first quarter of 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the MPOC was confident demand for palm oil from consumer countries would increase as for its primary use as a food commodity. “Palm oil is far more affordable. We suspect this is going to drive the consumption of palm oil, particularly in the developing countries, which are our major markets and consumption of palm oil globally will pick up,” he added. There have been numerous efforts to sustain the international market for Malaysian palm oil. One of the actions of MPOC was through a programme in collaboration with the Qatar Culinary Professionals (QPC) Association that consisted of members in the food supply chain in Qatar. Malaysian palm oil exports to Qatar is up to 99 per cent as reported by ITC Trademap. The significant demand from Qatar is an opportunity to establish new ventures with local companies. Despite the western criticism and constraints due to the Covid-19 pandemic, Sundram forecasts the price of Malaysian palm oil could rise to around RM2,500 or more per tonne by 4th quarter 2020. He also assured there should not be any concern towards wildlife, such as the endangered the Orangutan in Malaysia. The palm oil industry is not a threat to the Orangutan. It is propaganda used by western non-governmental organisations. He stressed: “The Orangutan population is protected in Malaysia, namely in Sabah and Sarawak. The current numbers of Orangutan are about 11,500 in Sabah and 2,300 in Sarawak. “Furthermore, through a number of wildlife conservation programmes, MPOC and its industry partners are fully towards preservation of all wildlife.” — @Forest