@Green July/August 2020 | Page 7

July-August, 2020 | @green foreign news 07 ‘Surprisingly rapid’ rebound in carbon emissions post-lockdown Carbon dioxide emissions have rebounded around the world as lockdown conditions have eased, raising fears that annual emissions of greenhouse gases could surge to higher than ever levels after the coronavirus pandemic unless governments take swift action. Emissions fell by a quarter when the lockdowns were at their peak, and in early April global daily carbon dioxide emissions were still down by 17 per cent compared with the average figure for 2019, research published last month in the journal Nature Climate Change found. Now daily carbon emissions are still down on 2019 levels, but by only 5 per cent on average globally, according to an updated study. “Things have happened very fast,” said Corinne Le Quéré, a professor of climate change at the University of East Anglia and the lead author of the studies. “Very few countries still have stringent confinement. We expected emissions to come back, but that they have done so rapidly is the biggest surprise.” Emissions from Jan 1 to June 11, were 8.6 per cent lower than in the same period for 2019. Emissions for this year are likely to be between 4-7 per cent lower than for last year. That is not enough to make a significant contribution to the cuts in emissions needed to fulfil the Paris agreement on climate change, which will require structural changes to transport systems and how energy is generated. While emissions overall are still down on last year, there are fears that as lockdowns around the world ease further in the coming months, carbon from cars could surge to levels higher than before the pandemic as people avoid public transport. – The Guardian Markets not paying attention to climate crisis, IMF says Equity markets have generally ignored the increasing number of natural disasters over the past 50 years, and stricter rules are needed to make investors aware of the dangers posed by the climate crisis, the International Monetary Fund has said. Companies should be forced to disclose their exposure to climate risk because a voluntary approach does not go far enough, the IMF said in a chapter from its latest global financial stability report (GFsr). The imF, however, said in a GFsr published recently that climate risk should ultimately be made part of international reporting standards. “An increasing number of firms have begun to voluntarily disclose climate change risk information, in line with the recommendations set out by the task force on climate-related financial disclosures,” it said. “However, going further by developing mandatory global disclosures on material climate change risks would be an important step to sustain financial stability. In the short term, mandatory climate change risk disclosure could be based on globally agreed principles. In the longer term, climate-change risk disclosure standards could be incorporated into financial statements compliant with international financial reporting standards.” The IMF functions as the global lender of last resort, bailing out countries in financial difficulty and issuing policy advice alongside its interventions. Its latest statement on the climate crisis expressed concerns that stock markets were ignoring the rise in global temperatures and its consequences. – The Guardian Climate emission killer: Construction begins on world’s biggest liquid air battery Construction is beginning on the world’s most massive liquid air battery, which will store renewable electricity and reduce carbon emissions from fossil-fuel power plants. The Guardian reported the project near Manchester, UK, would use extra green energy to compress air into a liquid and store it. When demand is higher, the liquid air is released back into a gas, powering a turbine that puts the green energy back into the grid. A significant expansion of wind and solar energy is vital to tackle the climate emergency, but they are not always available. Storage is, therefore, essential, and the new project will be the largest in the world outside of pumped hydro schemes, which require a mountain reservoir to store water. The new liquid air battery, being developed by Highview Power, is due to be operational in 2022 and will be able to power up to 200,000 homes for five hours, and store power for many weeks. Chemical batteries are also needed for the transition to a zero-carbon world and are plummeting in price, but can only store relatively small amounts of electricity for short periods. Standing tall: How green buildings are adapting to post-Covid era Wastewater flushes away a river of wealth Think of green buildings as giant N95 facemasks, protecting you from harmful toxins the moment you step inside, said Dr Ho Nyok Yong, president of the Singapore Green Building Council (SGBC), in a webinar in May. “Building-based prevention and control measures have become one of the most important methods of fighting against the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic,” Dr Ho told his audience of 600 building and construction industry stakeholders. Cities have reopened their economies, and people are returning to work. Installing green building technologies in shopping centres, offices, factories and other shared spaces can limit the spread of the coronavirus within them and stand them in good stead against future disease outbreaks, experts have told Eco-Business. Retrofits such as adding ultraviolet lights to air-handling units, and switching to demand-controlled ventilation can reduce the transmission of airborne viruses and bacteria. Increasing the buildings’ energy efficiency, said experts such as Mark Yeo, CBre’s chief operating officer of property management in Singapore and Southeast Asia. In the longer term, new buildings can further shrink their carbon footprint and aid in disease prevention by maximising natural ventilation or making use of innovative ventilation systems in cities such as Singapore, the experts added. The wastewater that flows through the world’s sewers has value to be recovered. Canadian scientists have identified a new source of energy, wealth and nourishment being lost every day in every city, town and municipality on the planet: a great river of wastewater, according to Eco Business. What swirls down the kitchen and bathroom plugholes in every home, cascades into the town drains and flushes the city sewers contains enough latent energy to power almost 160 million households. The flow of wastewater is big enough to water up to an area equal to one-fifth of all the farmland in the European Union. And the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium that sluices down the world’s drains would be enough to meet almost oneeighth of the world’s fertiliser demand, and notionally generate a revenue stream of more than $13 billion a year. In effect, the researchers argue, humans are every day flushing good money down the toilet. And this stream of lost income could only keep growing. Right now, according to a new study in the UN journal Natural Resources Forum, the world’s wastewater discharges add up to 380 billion cubic metres a year.