“ Data science combines various aspects of statistics , data analysis , machine learning , and related methods to understand and analyse actual phenomena with data in bytes . ”

In this pursuit , data science emerges as a powerful tool , offering innovative solutions to uphold halal certification standards and combat food fraud . Data science is a multidisciplinary field that uses scientific methods , processes , algorithms , and systems to extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data in vast volumes recorded as bytes - often measured in gigabytes , terabytes , or petabytes .

Data science combines various aspects of statistics , data analysis , machine learning , and related methods to understand and analyse actual phenomena with data in bytes .

The full potential of data science is being realised mainly due to the advent of big data .

By providing extensive datasets that enable sophisticated analytics and insights , big data significantly enhances data science applications in the halal sector , paving the way for a more transparent and secure halal industry .

This enhancement spans several areas , including supply chain management , regulatory compliance , customer insights , predictive analytics , and product development . Integrating big data and data science promotes informed decision-making , strengthens consumer trust , supports halal product growth and diversification , and paints a promising future for the halal industry .

Allah SWT said in the Quran : “ Allah is the One Who created seven heavens in layers , and likewise for the earth . The divine command descends between them so you may know that Allah is Most Capable of everything and that Allah certainly encompasses all things in His knowledge .” ( Quran , At-Talaq , 65:12 ).

This verse emphasises Allah ’ s power and knowledge , as well as the intricate design of

the universe . Technology such as data science reflects the vast knowledge that Allah SWT bestowed to benefit humankind . Using such technology can increase halal food compliance in the halal industry , thus positively affecting the halal industry .

This article delves into three key ways in which data science assists in this compliance :

• establishing a halal food database ,

• detecting fraud patterns , and

• implementing predictive maintenance in halal facilities .

ESTABLISHING A HALAL FOOD DATABASE

Establishing a comprehensive halal food database fortified by data science principles is at the heart of ensuring halal integrity . The Malaysian Halal Management System 2020 requires the establishment of an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory before the database is established .

Upon fulfilling the accreditation require-