The HEALTH : January 2019 | Page 20

20 20 The Health | january, 2019 Wonder Women Pelvic floor dysfunction Pelvic floor dysfunction can be caused by trauma such as very bad pelvic accident which directly affects the pelvic area and the muscles that are involved. KPJ Tawakkal Specialist Hospi- tal Obstetrician and Gynaecologist consultant Dr Patricia Lim Su Lyn disclosed that it could be child birth – as it could be the use of forceps which pose a higher risk as it tears through and through the muscles from behind the vagina to the anus. “Patient may experience dif- ficulty holding the urine, wind or faeces. If the repair is not done properly, then the patient can get fecal incontinence.” “Even with normal delivery, if the baby is really big, or the person helping the mother to deliver is not very skilled in terms of protecting the perineum, then a woman can get pelvic floor dysfunction.” The other reason could be inherent laxity – age wise after 50’s and after menopause, the lack of estrogen which can cause stress incontinence. “Although it was a very trau- matic delivery but if repair is done properly, then the patient is sent back with stool softeners and told to do pelvic floor exercises and reassessed back. -The Health Planning motherhood years in advance Incontinence during – after pregnancy G enerally, during pregnancy itself, a lady can experience incontinence. It’s because of the heavy uterus with the baby pressing down – the gravity of it and second because of the hormones which actually loosens the urethra and all the muscles. KPJ Tawakkal Specialist Hospital Obstetri- cian and Gynaecologist consultant Dr Patricia Lim Su Lyn disclosed that it is quite common for some ladies to experience stress incontinence when they sneeze, or when they cough. “They may leak a bit of urine, which is a good indicator. If someone has that during pregnancy, it is very likely that they may experience the same after pregnancy. Generally when I have patients complaining of that, I tell them to start their pelvic floor exercises.” Pelvic floor exercises family planning... Dr Eeson Sinthamoney explaning how AMH testing is able to help women make sound decisions in terms of family planning. Developments in women’s fertility science help women plan ahead for parenting W omen in Malaysia are having children later in life. The Department of Statistics (DOSM) found that from 2001 to 2015, the mean age of first-time mothers increased from 26.6 years old to 27.7 years old. This means that on average, women in Malaysia are becoming parents at a later age. This could be due to any number of reasons. Obstetrics and Gynaecology Society Malaysia (OGSM) president Dr Eeson Sinthamony disclosed that it is important for women who would like to have children to start planning for the future now and gain an understanding of their bodies. There are many options available now to help them make plans to have children later in life, such as AMH According to Eeson, 10 per cent of women in their early 30’s have significantly reduced fertility. While this rate of decline varies from person to person, numerous studies have established that in the 30’s age group, a woman’s ovarian reserve begins to decline. testing and egg freezing. According to Eeson, 10 per cent of women in their early 30’s have significantly reduced fertility. While this rate of decline varies from person to person, numerous studies have established that in the 30’s age group, a woman’s ovarian reserve begins to decline. “’Ovarian reserve’ refers to the number of eggs a woman has in her body to be fertilised, and it is also known as ‘egg count’. Each woman is born with a total of two million eggs, which are all of the eggs she will have in her lifetime. After a spike during puberty, this number begins to decline throughout her life.” “Women who want to know how fertile they are may take an Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) test. This will give them an indication on their remaining fertile years, and help give their doctor an idea of whether it will be easy for them to conceive, in the present or in the future.” An AMH test is a simple blood test that can indicate a woman’s fertility. Blood levels of the Anti- Müllerian Hormone (AMH) are used as a marker of a woman’s ovarian reserves (remaining supply of eggs available for fertilisation). This is an important consideration for women who are either planning for pregnancy or struggling with infertility. For those who wish to plan for future motherhood, there is the option of freezing your eggs. Currently, around 50 million couples worldwide are affected by infertility, and around 15 percent of women of reproductive age face fertility issues. Prior to the introduction of AMH testing, the most conventional female fertility test involved an invasive trans-vaginal ultrasound procedure. The AMH test is far more convenient by comparison, cutting out both discomfort, waiting time and confusion, as women can request a test from their physician at any time – The Health The way to do pelvic floor exercises is what we call kegels – which is as if you’re trying to stop the urine half way, which we are supposed to do for at least 80 times a day. “Some ladies my not know how to do it especially older women. So, what we have is a ‘bio-feedback’ which is a probe that is inserted into the vagina and we make them squeeze to see whether the pressure is good enough.” In the market, there are few devices that helps with pelvic floor exercises. “Biofeedback is not encouraged during pregnancy as anything inserted into the vagina is discouraged as we do not want to introduce infections. But after pregnancy, they can use that.” “Generally we give six weeks for the hor- mones to get out of the system and the body to reverse back to normal after pregnancy to see if the incontinence still persist. “If it’s still present, then obviously after making sure she doesn’t have any anatomical Hello Doktor problems, or infections, then she would be given few options.” “K e gel exerc is es is very good but it demands a lot of dedica- tion and they would only start to see some effect after three to six months. For quick measures, it would be the feminine laser that helps to strengthen the bladder neck by stimulating the If you suffer urine incontinence during collagen.” This however would pregnancy, very only last if she doesn’t likely you would get pregnant again. In suffer the same the event where she after. does, symptoms may return, and she might need to do the treatment again. “In cases where incontinence is very bad and very stressing and if she has already com- pleted her family, then she might consult an urogynaecologist.” Options could be a sling that is a surgical procedure where it is inserted to hitch up the bladder neck again. But it is an operation done under anesthesia and done from the vagina. The other method would be through a tummy laparoscopy or open surgery. – The Health