The HEALTH : July 2018 | Page 10

10 issue: eye The HEALTH | JULY, 2018 CREDIT: ALL ABOUT VISION Does cataract warrant surgery? “A cataract is basically the lens in the eye going cloudy. As with a camera lens, your lens should be perfectly clear to be able to focus light effec- tively,” explained Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur Ophthalmologist and Vitreoretinal surgeon Dr Manoharan Shunmugam. “Any tiny blemish in the lens can cause symptoms such as glare, ghosting of images or just blurring or cloudiness. As the lens ages it becomes more opaque - this is the most common cause of cataracts.” One-third of people over 65 have cataracts. However, it can also occur Deadly eye strokes CREDIT: ALL ABOUT VISION Troubled vision if medical attention not given on time T HE very mention of stroke gets people to think of the brain and the very dramatic act of the arm jerking. How- ever, stroke also extends to other areas beyond the brain, and one other place would be the eye. Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur Consultant Ophthalmologist, Dr K. Sivamalar revealed that eye strokes takes place when there is a blockage or an occlusion in the artery or the veins of the retinal blood vessels leading to a sudden loss of vision or gradually increasing blurring of vision. Usually painless, eye strokes can take place suddenly or over short amount of time. Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO) Blockage in the main retinal vein is called a central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). “When the vein is blocked, blood and fluid will begin to spill out into the retina thus affecting the central vision. Without proper blood circulation, the nerve cells in the eye can die leading to loss of more vision. Medical risk factors that can lead to the CRVO taking place would be hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes,” she said. at a younger age, sometimes related to previous injuries, certain medica- tions or chronic illnesses such as diabetes. Some babies are even born with cataracts and these should be assessed by an eye doctor as soon as possible. “Although your sight is likely to be better after having the cataract removed, you’ll probably still need to wear glasses or contact lenses. So if you can still see well enough with glasses to do the things you want to do, you may want to put off having surgery.” “Sometimes, people have other eye problem that needs treating, “This condition can be treated with laser therapy and by injecting anti- vascular endothelial growth factor which kills new blood vessel formation and the swelling will go down.” “Anti-glaucoma medication will also be prescribed in order to lower the pressure. Absence of early treatment can lead to faster loss of vision.” Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) A tad similar to the central retinal vein occlusion, the branch retinal vein occlu- sion happens in one of the smaller branch veins. Patients with BRVO would experi- ence sudden onset of blurred vision. Risk factors leading to BRVO are hypertension, glaucoma, cardiovascular disease and obesity. Treatment to this condition is similar to CRVO. Treatment “If there is any vein occlusion, doctors will try to dislodge the clot through paracentesis; a procedure that is done by bringing out the fluid to ensure the pressure goes down and the clot come out. Other methods to dislodge the clot include requesting the patients to inhale and exhale carbon dioxide in a paper bag and an ocular massage. CREDIT: REPORTS HEALTHCARE Vitrectomy : Removing gel like substance for better vision Recognising symptoms of an eye stroke PATIENTS would experience sudden loss of vision or short episodes of total blankness lasting a few seconds each. Floaters, appearing as small grey spots around the field of vision can be observed by the patient as well. Fainting spells may also occur. Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur Consultant Ophthalmologist, Dr K. Sivamalar stressed that patients should visit a specialist the moment they experience painless loss of vision between six to 24 hours of onset in order to avoid irreversible blindness. Patients with bacterial endocarditis and other heart diseases such as coronary heart disease and valvular heart disease can increase their risk of getting an eye stroke. Stye: bacterial infection in the eyelids PANTAI Hospital Kuala Lumpur Consultant Ophthalmologist, Dr K. Sivamalar explained that stye, usu- ally known as hordeolum, is caused by a bacterial infection of an oil gland by Staphylococcus aureus that takes place in the eyelids. Common observations are small swellings of the lid and it can progress in size as it further progresses. Risk factors that causes stye are diabetes, autoimmune conditions and being on steroids. Common signs are swelling, however there can be discharge from the lesion and also pain. Doctors will provide a course of oral antibiotics in order to bring down the level of puss which will then erupt on its own. Topical antibiotics may also be provided. Stye conditions tend to resolve in time however, there are instances where an incision will have to be performed.