The Health June/July 2020 | Page 21

| Interview | More than 100 companies commercialised MPOB’s technology june-july, 2020 | The Health 21 The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) wants more companies, especially SMEs, to take advantage of its research breakthroughs by commercialising them. “Come talk to us,” said MPOB Director-General Dr Ahmad Parveez Ghulam Kadir, adding that currently, MPOB has more than 670 products and only 30 per cent of them have been commercialised.” “We have almost 212 technologies which have been commercialised. But this does not mean there are 212 companies, as there are some companies that took up more than one technology. I can say, there are more than 100 companies which have come forward to use our technology,” said Parveez. Although there are a lot of efforts being made to promote the technologies, the director-general of MPOB believed that there was a lot more that could be done to improve. The annual Transfer of Technology (ToT) seminar, which is organised by MPOB, will be held online as a webinar this year on July 7, 2020 at MPOB’s headquarters in Bandar Baru Bangi to promote more technologies. Previously, the seminar was physically organized at our headquarters and attended by more than 200 participants and potential entrepreneurs. However due to Covid-19 and the Movement Control Order by the government, this year the seminar will be organized online as a webinar. Interested parties could register for the ToT Seminar via our MPOB website at http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/TOTV3/. More people in business are encouraged to use the technology and commercialise it as this will mean getting better value from Malaysian palm oil. The potential products of palm oil are phenomenal. It is said to be used for food and non-food products, such as cosmetic content, for cleaning agents such as soaps or detergents, vitamin A and E and even for biodiesel. What adds more value to these oil palm products is that we can be assured it is from sustainable palm oil. MPOB has achieved significant breakthroughs to increase the quality of palm oil, resulting in higher yields. It has two of the new technologies. These technologies are through its research on oil palm’s whole genome programme, i.e. the discovery of mesocarp (shell) gene and tissue culture abnormality marker highlighting the healthy and hefty benefits of palm oil. MPOB’s technology based on the shell gene discovery uses an optimized PCR approach opportunity to buy this oil at an excellent rate. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently advised adults to avoid palm oil in their diet during the Covid-19 pandemic. What is your view on this? The positive cases of Covid-19 are almost reaching six million people worldwide, and the majority of them are actually in the EU. I think those countries do not consume palm oil. I mean, most of the palm oil goes for bio-diesel. Nevertheless, that is their propaganda. WHO is supposed to be a reputable organisation. Palm oil has been regarded as not nutritionally ideal and imposes negative effects on lipid profile due to its SFA content. The misconception on saturated fatty acids (SFA) began in the late 1950s, when Ancel Keys (a physiologist) found that SFA increased total cholesterol, a surrogate marker of cardiovascular disease risk. This was widely accepted for over five decades such that saturated fats are considered bad for health. However, emerging research findings, published over the recent years show otherwise. For example, diet rich in palm olein was found not to affect lipid profiles in healthy adults compared to other that allows planters to tell whether a seed is going to develop to become a dura, pisifera or tenera tree. Previously, breeders have to wait till the palm produces fruits, normally after three years of planting, before they could physically tell whether the palm is a dura, pisifera or tenera and will be very costly to replace them if they were non-tenera. Previous extensive researches have demonstrated that tenera seeds can produce a higher yield by 30 per cent as compared to dura seeds which produce less oil and pisifera seeds which might not even provide any oil following several years of planting. “From that, we can have better quality control for companies producing seeds,” said Parveez adding he hopes it will increase the yield among smallholders as well. SureSawit™ SHELL Test is the first commercially available genotyping test for the oil palm industry. Parveez said it was a technology by MPOB licensed to Orion Biosains. The trial allows oil palm seed producers and growers to precisely determine the tenera, dura and pisifera fruit form of a seedling. The second technology is called tissue culture technology. The technique requires the use of immature unopened leaves from an oil palm plant which will then be developed into plantlets in petri dishes and test-tubes containing special hormones and nutrients. The regenerated plantlets are called clone or ramets of an oil palm plant. It has been proven that tissue culture-based clones can also produce another 30 per cent extra oil compared to normal seed-derived tenera, said Parveez. Using our genomebased tissue culture abnormality marker technology (SureSawit™ KARMA), abnormal clones could be easily identified and culled in the lab or nurseries and ensuring only the normal high yielding clones are planted in the field. Besides the above two genome-based technologies, there are over 600 more technologies. For example, he added: “One of the very commonly used technology by MPOB is for a motorised fruit harvester or cutter called Cantas. Another very useful and widely used technology is to produce biodiesel from palm oil where currently in Malaysia the commercial diesel sold at the petrol station already contained 10% palm biodiesel. MPOB’s scientists also based on their more than 35 years of experience and field trials have formulated and commercialized six deferent fertilisers,” he said. unsaturated vegetable oils, namely olive oil, canola oil, soybean oil and high oleic sunflower oil on serum lipid profile in healthy human adults. More importantly what WHO and all others thinking alike need to know is that palm oil has a natural balance of saturated and unsaturated fats which makes it suitable for various food applications. It does not require hydrogenation which is the major cause of a more fearful fat which is the trans fatty acids. Palm oil remains to be best alternative to replace trans fatty acids in many food applications. Palm oil is rich in phytonutrients with numerous health benefits. How critical is the people’s understanding of palm oil? There is constant advice to replace SFA with PUFA. However, based on experimental studies, risk of lipid peroxidation may increase with high (>11%E) PUFA consumption, particularly when tocopherol intake is low. The resulting acceptable range for total PUFA (n-6 and n-3 fatty acids) is between six and 11%E. Therefore, over consumption of PUFA is detrimental to health. The PUFA rich soft oils such as soybean oil, corn oil Palm oil has a balance fatty acids, almost 50:50 saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acid. When consumed, palm oil behaves more like monounsaturated fatty acid inside the human body. After Covid-19 settles down, the government has to seriously go to Africa, Latin America and the Middle East to convince them on how good our palm oil is. and canola oil are more prone to oxidation and pro-inflammatory effects compared to palm oil. Palm oil has a balance fatty acids, almost 50:50 saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acid. When consumed, palm oil behaves more like monounsaturated fatty acid inside the human body. Recently, several meta-analyses of randomised trials and prospective cohort studies and ecological studies, largely done in European and North American countries, showed either no association or a lower risk between saturated fatty acid consumption with total mortality and cardiovascular disease events. It is very important to look at the latest scientific evidence on the effect of saturated fatty acids and palm oil and their impact on health. The old believe that palm oil is bad for health is no longer valid. Looking at the benefits of palm oil, what are the other palm-based innovations besides food products? You can make a lot of products from palm oil. The first thing that comes to our mind would be food. For the food itself, it is not limited to cooking oil. We are talking about margarine, baking pastries, lassie drink and even cheese. We also have non-food, and this includes animal feeds: from empty fruit bunches (EFB), palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) and even oil palm frond (OPF). One popular product of palm oil will be bio-diesel. We converted the palm oil into methyl esters which are precisely like diesel since the 1980s. Eventually, we are trying to use more for biodiesel. Besides biodiesel, we can also produce bio-mass products. After harvesting the oil, it can be made into plywood, medium-density fibreboard, cellulose, pulp, paper and packaging. Other products include toilet soaps, cosmetic ingredients, lipsticks, lubricants and household cleaning products. These products are a lot better in terms of value. One of the essential products that we developed was methyl ester sulphonate (MES). This is used in making detergent. The good thing is when you replace petroleumbased detergent with our MES; you are making it more environmental-friendly. You seem quite focussed on markets in the United States, the EU, China and India. Aren’t the markets in Africa, for instance, a potential gold mine? Or even Japan or South America? Last year somewhere in September and October, we had a mission with the former minister. We went to Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia, which are vast markets. They are very keen to work with our country. After Covid-19 settles down, the government has to seriously go to Africa, Latin America and the Middle East to convince them on how good our palm oil is. — The Health