The HEALTH : October 2018 | Page 9

issue: hygiene OCTOBER, 2018 | The HEALTH 09 VOSIZNEIAS.COM 123RF The World Health Organiza- tion (WHO) Food Safety. WHO; Geneva, Switzerland: 2015 2 million fatal cases of food poisoning occur every year globally especially in developing countries. Ministry of Health (MOH) Health Facts 2014. MOH; Putrajaya, Malaysia: 2014 Malaysia recorded 49.79 cases of food poisoning per 100,000 population. Ministry of Health (MOH) Annual Report 2007. MOH; Putrajaya, Malaysia: 2007 50 More than per cent of the total food poisoning cases were attributed to improper food handling by food handlers. Ministry of Health (MOH): The National Level 2014 Clean, Safe and Healthy Canteen Award. Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, editor. MOH; Putrajaya, Malaysia: 2014 The outbreaks in academic institutions contributed 43 per cent of the total foodborne poisoning incidents in Malaysia. Ministry of Health (MOH) Annual Report 2010. MOH; Putrajaya, Malaysia: 2012. MOH identified ineffective food handling training, the use of untreated water for non-drinking purposes, and poor sanitation and hygiene as the primary risk factors of food poisoning in the country. Campylobacter: Global cause for diarrheal disease THE World Health Organisation recently reported that campylobacter is one of four key global causes of diarrheal diseases. It is considered to be the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis in the world. Campylobacter bacteria can get into your system if you eat undercooked poultry or food that has touched raw or undercooked poultry. The bacteria usually live in the digestive systems of animals, including poultry and cattle. Unpasteurized milk can also have campylobacter bacteria. KPJ Tawakkal Specialist Hospital consultant obstetrician and gynaeco- logist Dr Patricia Lim Su Lyn explained that campylobacter is a bacterial infec- tion that could lead to more serious infections. “It is a type of food poisoning that occurs in the small intestine that is caused by contaminated fecal oral transmission. Mostly, contaminated poultry.” “Most of us are unaware of the fact that this can spread through eggs that are unwashed prior to handling in food preparation. Say, it is not washed and still contains fecal matter in its shell. Even when preparing half-boiled eggs where the eggs are merely soaked in warm water - the water becomes con- taminated by the bacteria and when hands are used to handle it, it spreads.” Symptoms This bacterial infection are often manifested with cramps, diarrhea and vomiting. “The difference between diarrhea caused by campylobacter is that they have what we call the pre-infection or prodromal symptoms such as body ache, fever for 24-hours prior the diar- rhea, abdominal pain and sometimes dysentery which could last up to five days.” “In most people, it might just be for two days. The dysentery or bloody diarrhea – when people have that, they become worried if it could be someth